If statement in C programming with example

IF statement can be used alone in a C program without else & else-if statements. In this tutorial we will see how an if statement is used alone in a C program. In the coming tutorial we will see if-else and if else else-if statements too.

The syntax of if statement –

..
if (condition)
{
     //Block of C statements here
     //The above statements will only execute if the condition is true
}
..

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int x = 20;
    int y = 22;
    if (x<y)
    {
        printf("Variable x is less than y");
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:

Variable x is less than y

Explanation: The condition (x<y) given in the above program holds true so the control passed into the if block and the printf statement got executed.

Another example of multiple IF statements –

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
      int x, y;
      printf("enter the value of x:");
      scanf("%d", &x);
      printf("enter the value of y:");
      scanf("%d", &y);
      if (x y)
      {
           printf("x is greater than y");
      }
      printf("Hi, I'm out of all try blocks");
     return 0;
}

In the above example the output depends on the user input.

Suppose user entered the values as following –

enter the value of x: 12
enter the value of y: 12

Output would be –

x is equal to y
Hi, I’m out of all try blocks